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One of the truly great moments in the long history of medicine occurred on a tense fall morning in the surgical amphitheater of Bostons Massachusetts General Hospital. It was there, on Oct. 16, 1846, that a dentist named William T. G. Morton administered an effective anesthetic to a surgical patient.

The branch of medicine that is focused on the relief of pain in the perioperative period (i.e. before, during or after a surgical procedure) is known as anesthesiology. The medicaments administered are termed anesthesia and the doctor who is trained in this specialty is referred to as an anesthesiologist.

Although Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829) introduced nitrous oxide into medical practice in 1799 and, in 1800, suggested possible anesthetic qualities of the gas [3], the first successful public demonstration of surgical anesthesia did not occur until 1846.

Anesthesiologists evaluate, monitor, and supervise patient care before, during, and after surgery, delivering anesthesia, leading the Anesthesia Care Team, and ensuring optimal patient safety. Anesthesiologists specialize in anesthesia care, pain management, and critical care medicine.

Robert Stoelting. Stoelting is a well-known anesthesiologist and author of several textbooks on anesthesia. He has also served as the president of the American Society of Anesthesiologists.

One name stands out amongst all others when the founder of modern anesthesia is discussed, William T.G. Morton (1819-1868).

Now considered to be one of the greatest inventions for humanity since the printing press, anaesthesia offered pain-free operations, childbirth with reduced suffering, and instant access to the world beyond consciousness.

An early form of anesthesia was first used at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston by dentist William T.G. Morton and surgeon John Warren on October 16, 1846.